Scroll through all 11 sections, from the world map to prices, trade, shipping, conclusions and sources. Use the Research Desk menu to jump to a section.
2020—202611 SECTIONS · SCROLL TO EXPLORE
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01 / RESEARCH DESK
Global atlas
Explore the oil system with a country map, capacities and dated incident evidence.
Line colours: operating inventory · inactive · planned / construction. Square markers: pumping station or pipeline assessment. Orange dot = damage history; purple dot = sanctioned operator. Select for dates and evidence. These filters apply only to pipelines and reviewed infrastructure.
DAMAGE & TANKER HISTORY
HISTORICAL INCIDENT WINDOW
Jan 2020→22 Oct 2026
202020212022202320242025Today
Drag either handle to filter refinery and tanker incidents. Infrastructure capacities remain their dated inventory snapshots.
Drag to pan · Ctrl/⌘ + scroll to zoom · scroll to continue reading · select a marker Natural Earth basemap · geometry is approximate
GEM / Climate TRACE / EIA
Refinery damage / fireRed ring = confirmed strikeVessel attack (method in record)⚓Interception / seizureDashed ring = reported evidenceS Sanctioned vessel · see dated evidence
Historical incidents from 2020, not currently burning sites or live ship positions. Fire symbols also cover documented flood, storm and mechanical damage. Drone symbols identify vessel attacks, including separately labelled naval vessels; the evidence card states the weapon. Ship markers show approximate reported incident areas. An unmarked asset has no reviewed incident here, which does not establish that it was unaffected.
Infrastructure snapshots: refineries 2025; extraction March 2026; pipelines June 2026. Field output years vary. Sea corridors are illustrative; they do not prove a supplier relationship with a refinery.
Browse and export infrastructure records
Name
Country / area
Capacity or reported output
Source year / status
Pumping stations & pipeline condition register
Selected sourced facilities and systems, with approximate town or route reference points. Status colours describe the cited date, not current operation. No reviewed record establishes complete destruction of a station or pipeline; equipment destruction is described in its evidence card. Sanctions apply to the named operator or transaction scope, with licences shown separately.
Facility / system
Type
Dated condition
Sanctions scope
Sources
02 / RESEARCH DESK
Damage & tankers
Refinery damage, vessel attacks, seizures and the evidence behind each report.
Filter by date, sea, region or vessel type. Named reports and separately labelled aggregate claims are sourced; this is a reviewed sample, not an exhaustive war-loss census.
UKRAINIAN CAMPAIGN REPORTS
Reported totals and named incidents
Campaign totals can include unnamed vessels, repeat strikes and other ship types. They overlap the register and each other. They are displayed as attributed claims, without inventing ship identities or map positions. Campaign context stays visible; filters apply to the map and individual incident register.
S Sanctioned vessel at the incident date · open evidence for jurisdiction and listing date. Source-reported listings are labelled. A later designation is separate. Sanctions do not establish a global price effect. Read the market conclusion ↗
Documented records by year
Click a year to filter. Counts reflect research coverage, not global attack rates or lost capacity.
Facility / vessel
Event date
Incident / evidence
Cause or sanctions context
Sources
Sanctions are jurisdiction-specific. A designation, boarding or allegation is not a universal finding of illegality. A cargo seizure does not imply seizure of the vessel. Historical outcomes are dated, and later release or court proceedings are retained where verified.
Research coverage and corrected reportsRussian shadow-fleet context · official UK vessel sanctions directory
The directory is not plotted without a supported incident location. Names and flags can change; match vessels by IMO number. No incident reviewed here does not mean no incident occurred.
Brent, WTI and Dubai · nominal US dollars per barrel · monthly averages
Monthly means smooth daily volatility. The negative WTI settlement on 20 April 2020 was a specific futures contract and is recorded in the timeline. Events near a price move do not establish causation. World Bank Pink Sheet ↗
04 / RESEARCH DESK
Fuel prices
Compare gasoline and diesel in US dollars per litre, with observation dates and fuel grades.
Reported country totals · thousand barrels per day (kb/d)
Production / refinery outputImportsExports
Country comparison
Country / reporting area
Selected measure · kb/d
Comparison
World totals sum available reporting areas; imports and exports can include re-exports. JODI reports are incomplete for some countries and periods. Missing observations stay blank. Totals do not identify trading partners or individual shipments. Production and nameplate capacity are different measures. Source assessment flags are retained in downloads. JODI data & definitions ↗
06 / RESEARCH DESK
Shipping traffic
Daily vessel transits before the Iran conflict and in the latest available period.
WHY PRICES ARE HIGH NOW / REVIEWED 22 OCTOBER 2026
Lost Gulf supply and expensive delivery are keeping prices high.
Our assessment: the main pressure is the Middle East supply shock. Restricted exports, depleted stocks and costly shipping keep oil expensive even as some production returns. Diesel faces an additional shortage of finished fuel.
01
Oil is still missing from the market. Gulf production remains constrained despite recovering from the worst shutdowns.
02
Delivery costs amplify the shortage. Longer routes and expensive freight raise the cost of oil reaching buyers.
03
Diesel has a separate squeeze. Fuel exports and refinery output have recovered more slowly than crude flows.
UKRAINE / SANCTIONED TANKERS & PRICE EVIDENCE
Sanctioned targets do not establish the cause of today’s high prices.
Verified targets include sanctioned tankers Kairos, Virat, Dashan and Qendil. The reviewed sources do not establish Ukrainian tanker strikes as the main driver of current global prices. They also do not establish zero market effect.
Some other reported targets still have unverified sanctions status. A designation has a jurisdiction and date; it does not by itself establish that every voyage is illegal everywhere. Russian refinery disruptions are a separate diesel-supply issue, discussed below. Inspect sanctions evidence ↗ · AP · Kairos and Virat ↗ · UK sanctions scope ↗
LATEST AVAILABLE / OBSERVATIONS, NOT LIVE QUOTES
Where prices stand
Crude: 20 October 2026 · US retail: 19 October 2026. Pump prices are US national averages, not a world average.
Daily spot prices, weekly pump prices and monthly chart averages are different measures. US gallons are converted using 3.785411784 litres per gallon. Explore all crude benchmarks ↗
CURRENT PRICE PRESSURES / LATEST REPORTED SUPPLY GAPS
Why are prices still high?
These vertical bars show supply shortages behind today’s pressure on prices. Each bar has its own period and comparison baseline.
Read each bar separately.
The indicators overlap and must not be added. They measure missing supply in million barrels per day, not percentages of responsibility or shares of the price rise.
Latest source publications: EIA 6 October; IEA 14 and 21 October 2026. These are dated estimates and observations, not live measurements. Falling prices on a particular day can coexist with a persistently expensive market.
WHO DID WHAT / HOW IT REACHES PRICES
Who contributes to these price pressures?
The current supply shock, additional fuel pressures and offsets. Responsibility for an action is distinct from a measured share of the price rise.
No validated actor-by-actor percentage split was identified in the reviewed sources. A rise after an event includes concurrent news and expectations. Read the attribution methodology ↗
2020 → 2026 / SPIKES & DROPS
What moved the market?
Choose a year, then select an episode to align its date with the crude chart.
Brent WTI Dubai
World Bank monthly means, January 2020–September 2026 · USD/barrel. Event lines show timing, not a measured causal effect. Circle views compare the latest values rather than shares of responsibility.
Date / episode
Actors or conditions
Price channel
Evidence
08 / RESEARCH DESK
Drivers & responsibility
Evidence for price drivers, source-attributed incidents and the limits of causal percentages.
Observed price changes are measurable. A defensible country-by-country causal split is not available.
No supported causal percentage split
The reviewed sources do not estimate a reliable percentage of the oil-price rise caused by Iran, the United States, Israel, Russia or other actors. Supply losses, demand, inventories, sanctions, rerouting and expectations interact. Assigning shares that add to 100% would invent precision.
This chart counts reports in this atlas. It does not measure responsibility for fuel prices, economic damage or all attacks worldwide.
Inspect the denominator and source attribution
Named-vessel attack and damage reports only. Aggregate claims, unnamed groups, enforcement actions and seizures are excluded. Multiple dated incidents involving one vessel remain separate reports. Unknown or disputed attribution remains a category. Uneven research coverage can change the ranking.
Vessel / date
Attributed actor
Evidence & sources
09 / RESEARCH DESK
Reserves & buffers
Emergency stocks, the US strategic reserve and oil still underground are separate measures.
Selected documented incidents and market shocks, with historical assessments.
Damage, shutdown, lost throughput, and permanent destruction are different. Facility capacity is not a measure of verified lost supply. Current operating status is unverified unless explicitly dated. This timeline is a selected evidence register, not a complete war-damage inventory.
11 / RESEARCH DESK
Sources & coverage
Downloads, observation periods, source methods and known gaps in coverage.
A complete worldwide register of individual wells, daily refinery operation, verified supplier-to-refinery shipments, bilateral trade, and every damaged facility is not available in this edition. Fields and pipelines are public inventories, with missing or approximate locations and values preserved.
From crude to a pump price
Retail prices reflect crude costs, refining, distribution, taxes, subsidies and exchange rates. This dashboard compares observed series; it does not estimate causal contributions or predict future prices.
Units and comparisons
1 US gallon = 3.785411784 litres. EU prices are converted from EUR per 1,000 litres using the most recent available ECB USD/EUR reference rate on or before each date. Original fuel grades and source labels remain visible.
Refresh and reproducibility
This is a dated, sourced research snapshot. Source files, preparation scripts and data-quality records are kept with the project. A future refresh must re-download and validate observations; refreshing this page alone does not fetch new market data.
Data-quality exclusions and licensing
Source attribution and dataset licenses travel with the downloads. World Bank global retail fuel derivatives are offered under the Open Database License. Other datasets retain their respective source terms.